沈秀华的回答：suffer suf.fer [`s?fL; ˋs?f?] 《源自拉丁文“在下面忍耐”的意思》 及物动词 1 经历 <痛苦、不愉快的事情> ,蒙受,遭受 ~ serious wounds 受重伤 ~ great losses 蒙受重大损失 Are you ~ing any pain?. 你感到什么痛苦没有? Jesus Christ ~ed death upon the cross. 耶稣基督殉难于十字架上 2 忍受,忍耐 ( → endure【同义字】) I cannot ~ such insults. 我不能忍受这样的侮辱 How can you ~ his insolence?. 你怎么能容忍他蛮横无礼? 3 a. (文语)容许<某人><做…>,默许 She ~ed her hand to be held. 她容许自己的手被握住 S~ yourself to be bound. 乖乖就擒吧 b. 容忍,默忍 not ~ fools gladly 无法忍受与笨蛋相处 [看不过糊涂事] 不及物动词 1 [因…而]受苦,苦恼 [in,for,from,with] ~ terribly 非常痛苦 ~ in agony [with ( ( 美)a) tooth-ache] 受痛苦的煎熬 [因牙痛而苦恼] He ~ed for what he had done. 他为自己所做的事而受罪 He was then ~ing from extreme poverty. 那时候他正因极端贫穷而受苦 2 [因…而]蒙受损害,受到伤害,变坏[from] His trade ~ed greatly during the war. 战争中他的生意蒙受很大损失 His reputation will ~ from such conduct. 他的名声会因如此的行为而受损 3 患 [疾病等] ,生[病][from] ~ from gout 患痛风 She is ~ing from rheumatism. 她正患风湿症 4 [因…而]受罚[for] You'll ~ for this!. 你会因这件事而受罚! bear bear [bZr; bZ?] 《源自古英语“搬运”的意思》(bore[bor,b)r; b):]; borne[born,b)rn; b):n] born[born,b)rn; b):n]→ A 1 a) 及物动词 A 1 a. 生 <儿女等> She bore three children. 她生了三个小孩 Cain was borne by Eve. 该隐为夏娃所生 b. <母亲> 与<某人>生<小孩> She has borne him three sons. 她给他生了三个男孩 2 开<花>; 结 <实> This tree ~s fine apples. 这棵树结了很好的苹果 These schemes bore fruit. 这些计画产生了效果 3 生<利息> How much interest will the bonds ~?. 这些公债会生多少的利息呢? B 1 a. 具有,带有 <武器、标记、痕迹等> ~ arms → arm n. 成语 This letter ~s a British stamp. 这封信贴著英国邮票 b. 记载有 <日期、签名> verse ~ing the signature of Trewe 有特里威签名的诗 2 a. 把 <憎恨、爱憎等> 怀 [记] [在心里] [in] B~ in mind what I say. 把我的话牢记在心 b. 使<人>心怀 <怨恨、爱憎> ; 对[人]心怀 <怨恨、爱憎> [against,for,toward] She ~s me no grudge [ill will]. 她对我没有一点恶意 I ~ a grudge against him. 我对他怀恨在心 She bore a secret love for him. 她暗恋著他 I ~ no malice toward him. 我对他毫无恶意 3 a. 保持著<关系等> ~ some rela-tion [resemblance] to ?和…多少有关系 [相似] ~ a part in something 与某事有关系,在某事中分担一份 b. 拥有 <称号、名声等> He ~s the name of John, the title of duke, and a reputation of courage. 他名叫约翰,拥有公爵的爵位和勇敢的声誉 c. <矿石> 含有… This ore ~s gold. 这矿石含有金 4 a. 将 <身体 (的一部分) > 保持 (某种姿势) ~ one's head high 高抬起头 b. [~ oneself; 与状态副词 (片语) 连用] 举止,处身 He bore himself well [with dignity]. 他举止高尚 [保持庄严的态度] She ~s herself like a student. 她举止有如一个学生 5(文语) a. 将<物>传运[到…],抬,携带[to]; [乘著风等] 传运<物>[on, upon] ~ one's bag (to the hotel) 手拎提袋 (到旅馆) A voice was borne to us on [upon] the wind. 人的声音随风传来 b. 把 <传说等> [对…]传开,传递[to] ~ tales 把传说传开 ~ good news (to them) ( 给他们) 带来好消息 c. 把 <证词,援助等> 加诸[于…][to]; 提供 [对人不利的] <证词> [against] ~ testimony (to ?) (对…) 提供证词 ~ false witness (against a person) 做 (不利于他人的) 伪证 ~ a hand 帮助,协助 6 支撑 <重量、物体> The ice is thick enough to ~ your weight. 这块冰厚得足以支撑你的重量 7 负担<费用>; 担负,分担 <义务、责任等> Will you ~ the cost [responsibility]?. 你愿意负担 [承担] 这个费用[责任]吗? 8 a. 忍耐,忍受 <痛苦、不幸等> ( → endure 【同义字】) ~ pain 忍痛 The doubt is more than I can ~. 这种疑心使我难以忍受 I couldn't ~ the thought of being parted from him. 一想到要与他分手我就受不了 → GRIN and bear it. b. 忍耐<做…> I cannot ~ to see [seeing] the children going hungry. 我不忍看见小孩们在挨饿 I cannot ~ to be [~ being] made a fool of. 我无法忍受被人愚弄 c. 忍耐<他人><做…>,忍受 He said he could not ~ me to be unhappy. 他说他不忍看到我不幸 9 a. 容许…,可有… The accident ~s two explanations. 这意外事件可做两种解释 b. 适于 [经得起] <做…>,堪,耐得住 This cloth will ~ washing. 这种布料耐洗 The story does not ~ repeating. 这个故事不堪重述 10 将…推 (往…) ,挤 (push) The crowd was borne back(ward) by the police. 人群被警察挤得往后退 不及物动词 1 a. 压迫[…][on, upon] The tax ~s heavily on the poor. 税捐沉重地压在穷人身上 b. (建筑物等) 施加压力,安放重量 [于支撑物上] [against] an arch ~ing against piers 加压力于桥墩的桥拱 c. 依靠 [拐杖等] [on] ~ on one's crutch(es) 依靠拐杖 2 有关系,有影响 (relate) [on, upon] His story does not ~ on the question. 他的故事和这个问题无关 3 向 [某方向] ,转弯 The ship bore east. 船向北行驶 [把行进路线转向东方] When you come to the end of the street, ~ to the left. 当你走到街道尽头时,向左转 4 位于 (某方向) The land bore due south of the ship. 陆地在船的正南方 5 结果实 This tree ~s well. 这棵树很会结果实 6 a. 忍耐,忍受[…][with] She bore with her noisy children. 她忍受著吵闹的孩子们 B~ with me; I'm very tired. 我很累,请耐心等一会儿 b. (罕)支持,耐,支撑,承载 The ice will not ~. 这冰踩上去会破 [承受不住] bear away (1) 拿走; 赢得<奖赏等> ~ away the prize 获奖,获胜 (2) 激<人> He was bear [bZr; bZ?] 名词 1 (C)‘动物’ a. 熊 (熊科食肉动物的统称) → black bear,brown bear,polar bear. 【字源】和 brown (褐色) 同系统的字; 原义是“褐色的动物”,后来以熊的颜色指熊本身 beaver (海狸) 也和 bear 源自 brown 这一个字b. 似熊的动物 ( → koala) 2 (C)粗暴的人; 卤莽的人 a regular ~ 不折不扣的卤莽者 3 [the B~]‘天文’熊座 → Great Bear,Little Bear 4 (C)‘股票’空头,股市看跌的人 (尤指出售持股者,←→ bull) as) cross as a bear (with a sore head = like a bear with a sore head → cross adj 形容词 ‘股票’跌势的,看跌的 ( ←→ bull) a ~ market 竞相卖出之气势的行情,有卖压的行情 stand stand [st?nd; st?nd] (stood[std; stud]) 不及物动词 1 站立,站著 a. <人、动物>站立,站著 You need not ~ if you are tired. 如果你疲倦,不用站著 The train was so crowded that I had to ~ all the way to London. 火车上非常拥挤以致我不得不一路站到伦敦 S~ straight. 站直 b. 站起,起立 Everyone stood when the band started to play the national anthem. 乐队奏起国歌时,大家都起立 Please ~ up. 请站起来 c. [用…]站立[on] ~ on one's head [hands] 倒立 ~ on tiptoe 用脚尖站立,踮著脚尖 He tried to ~ on his own feet [legs]. 他试著用自己的脚站立; 他想自立 d. (以某姿势、在某位置) 站立 ~ aside 站开,避开,不参加 ~ apart from ? 离开…站立 ~ away 不接近,离开 ~ back 退后,退缩 →stand clear. e.<以…状态>站著 ~ alone 孤立 (著) S~ still while I am taking your photograph. 我帮你拍照时站著不要动 f. <…地> 站著 I stood astonished at the sight. 那情景使我瞠目呆立 g. 站著<做…> There she stood waiting for her husband. 她站在那里等她的丈夫 2 a. <东西>直立,竖著 (放) ; <树等>矗立 A table stood in the center of the room. 一个餐桌摆在房间的中央 A tall tree once stood here. 这里曾经有一棵大树 b. <东西>站立[on] The chair will not ~ on three legs. 这张椅子三只 (支) 不住 My hair stood on end. 我的头发 (因恐惧而) 倒竖 c. <东西>[靠…]放著[against] A walking stick was ~ing against the wall. 一根拐杖靠在墙上 d. <东西>位于,坐落 The church ~s on a hill. 那座教堂坐落于小山上 The building ~s at 34th Street and 5th Avenue. 那栋建筑物位于第三十四街和第五大道的交叉口上 3 a. 处于<…的状态> The door stood open. 那扇门开著 This machine is ~ing idle. 这部机器闲置著 His reputation ~s higher than ever. 他的声望比以前更高 He ~s ready for anything. 他已准备好应付任何事 I ~ your friend. 我是你的朋友 They ~ in need of help. 他们正需要帮助 I stood to him in a special relation. 我和他有特殊的关系 b. 处于 <接受…的状态> I ~ corrected. 我接受指正(是我的错误) He stood convicted of treason. 他接受叛国罪的宣判 c. [在…中]居于 (某席次) ; 受 (某程度的) 评价 [in,among,with] He ~s first in our class. 他在我们班上名列第一 He ~s well with his boss. 他得到老板的喜爱 [好评] He knows how [where] he ~s with his fellows. 他知道自己在同伴中的评价如何 That film ~s high among the young. 年轻人对那部影片有很高的评价 4 a. <物价、得分、寒暑表等> 达到[…][at] The thermometer ~s at 38. ℃.寒暑表读数是摄氏三十八度 b. (高度) 达…; (价值) 为… He ~s six feet two. 他身高六?斩???nFood stood higher than ever. 食品价格比从前更贵 c. 处于 <…的立场> We ~ to win [lose]. 我们势将会赢[输] Who ~s to gain by his death?. 谁会因他的死亡而得到好处呢? 5 a. 保持 林晗的回答：简洁明了才是王道 stand最常用，一般的忍受，可以和put up with互换。I can't stand you.=I can't put up with you.我再也受不了你了。 bear的语气更强烈一些，特指承受生活重担之受。He can bear the heavy burden of life.他承受不了生活的重担。 suffer的语气也比较强烈，不过很多时候会指精神上无法忍受。I can't suffer the pain in my heart.我无法忍受内心的痛楚。 |
